Electromagnetic radiation is made when an atom absorbs energy. The absorbed energy causes one or more electrons to change their locale within the atom. When the electron returns to its original position, an electromagnetic wave is produced.

What is the source of EMR?

Answer 1: The most obvious source of electromagnetic energy and radiation is the sun. The sun provides the initial energy source for much of the remote sensing of the Earth surface. The remote sensing device that we humans use to detect radiation from the sun is our eyes.

How is an EM wave produced and propagated?

The spark current oscillates at a frequency (ν), which is a characteristic of the circuit. ... The changing magnetic field, in turn, induces an electric field so that a series of electrical and magnetic oscillations combine to produce a formation that propagates as an electromagnetic wave.

How does electromagnetic waves propagate in atmosphere?

Radar uses the characteristics of electromagnetic waves to gather information from the environment. Here, the atmosphere serves as a propagation medium. ... In addition, radar waves, similar to light, suffer refraction which is essentially caused by the decrease in atmospheric density over height.

How electromagnetic waves are produced in antenna?

As the electrons (tiny particles inside atoms) in the electric current wiggle back and forth along the antenna, they create invisible electromagnetic radiation in the form of radio waves. ... 1) Electricity flowing into the transmitter antenna makes electrons vibrate up and down it, producing radio waves.

What is an Electromagnetic Wave?

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What is electromagnetic oscillation?

a coupled oscillation of the electric field E and the magnetic field H that constitute a single electromagnetic field. By nature, an electromagnetic oscillation is an ensemble of photons. ...

How are electromagnetic waves produced in class 12?

EM waves are generated by electrically charged particle oscillates (accelerating charges). The electric field associated with the accelerating charge vibrates which generates the vibrating magnetic field. These both vibrating electric and magnetic fields give rise to EM waves.

What are the 7 wavelengths?

The EM spectrum is generally divided into seven regions, in order of decreasing wavelength and increasing energy and frequency. The common designations are: radio waves, microwaves, infrared (IR), visible light, ultraviolet (UV), X-rays and gamma rays.

What is microwave frequency?

Microwave frequencies range between 10⁹ Hz (1 GHz) to 1000 GHz with respective wavelengths of 30 to 0.03 cm. Within this spectral domain are a number of communication systems applications that are important in both the military and civilian sectors.

Is ultraviolet radiation visible or invisible?

Ultraviolet (UV) light has shorter wavelengths than visible light. Although UV waves are invisible to the human eye, some insects, such as bumblebees, can see them. This is similar to how a dog can hear the sound of a whistle just outside the hearing range of humans.

What frequency is red light?

Red light has a frequency around 430 terahertz, while blue's frequency is closer to 750 terahertz. Red photons of light carry about 1.8 electron volts (eV) of energy, while each blue photon transmits about 3.1 eV.

What is a wave How is it produced?

Waves are created by energy passing through water, causing it to move in a circular motion. ... Wind-driven waves, or surface waves, are created by the friction between wind and surface water. As wind blows across the surface of the ocean or a lake, the continual disturbance creates a wave crest.

What is the example of electromagnetic oscillation?

Generation of electromagnetic radiation

A common example of this phenomenon is the oscillating charge or current in a radio antenna. The antenna of a radio transmitter is part of an electric resonance circuit in which the charge is made to oscillate at a desired frequency.

Where is energy stored in electromagnetic waves?

The energy of the electromagnetic waves is stored in the electric and magnetic fields.

How are LC oscillations made?

Whenever we connect a charged capacitor to an inductor the electric current and charge on the capacitor in the circuit undergoes LC Oscillations. The process continues at a definite frequency and if no resistance is present in the LC circuit, then the LC Oscillations will continue indefinitely.

What causes electromagnetism?

Electromagnetism is produced when an electrical current flows through a simple conductor such as a length of wire or cable, and as current passes along the whole of the conductor then a magnetic field is created along the whole of the conductor.

Can the human eye detect the full range of the EMS?

The human eye can only detect only a small portion of this spectrum called visible light. ... NASA's scientific instruments use the full range of the electromagnetic spectrum to study the Earth, the solar system, and the universe beyond.

How do photons create electromagnetic waves?

In energy wave theory, a photon is generated by the vibration of particles, traveling perpendicular to the direction of vibration. ... The photon is typically described as an electromagnetic (EM) wave, such as the image below. These are the two components of the wave (longitudinal and transverse).

What are the 4 types of waves?

Types of Waves - Mechanical, Electromagnetic, Matter Waves & Their Types.

Why do particles travel in waves?

In a wave phenomenon, energy can move from one location to another, yet the particles of matter in the medium return to their fixed position. A wave transports its energy without transporting matter. ... Energy is transported through the medium, yet the water molecules are not transported.

What causes waves to break?

Scientists have concluded that waves break when their amplitude reaches a critical level that causes large amounts of wave energy to be transformed into turbulent kinetic energy, like a ball rolling down the hill. ... Waves begin to break when the ratio of wave height/wavelength exceeds 1/7.

What is green wavelength?

The visible green light has a wavelength of about 510 nm.

What is gamma rays frequency?

Gamma rays have frequencies greater than about 10^19 cycles per second, or hertz (Hz), and wavelengths of less than 100 picometers (pm), or 4 x 10^9 inches. (A picometer is one-trillionth of a meter.)

Which light has highest frequency?

When it comes to visible light, the highest frequency color, which is violet, also has the most energy.

How is UV light produced?

UV radiation is produced either by heating a body to an incandescent temperature, as is the case with solar UV, or by passing an electric current through a gas, usually vaporized mercury. The latter process is the mechanism whereby UV radiation is produced artificially.