In aplastic anemia, stem cells are damaged. As a result, the bone marrow is either empty (aplastic) or contains few blood cells (hypoplastic).

What is Aplastic?

/ (eɪˈplæstɪk) / adjective. relating to or characterized by aplasia. failing to develop into new tissue; defective in the regeneration of tissue, as of blood cellsaplastic anaemia.

What is bone marrow disease called?

Overview. Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly formed or don't work properly. Myelodysplastic syndromes result from something amiss in the spongy material inside your bones where blood cells are made (bone marrow).

What is the medical term for suppression of bone marrow?

This is called myelosuppression or bone marrow suppression. It can also be a side effect of some cancer treatments, like radiation, chemotherapy drugs, and steroids. Bone marrow is the soft, spongy tissue in the middle of your bones. It's where red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are made.

What does abnormalities in bone marrow mean?

Blood and bone marrow disorders are diagnosed when the level of certain blood cells is too low or too high, or the blood cells are abnormal. Blood cells that cannot carry out their normal functions can affect your entire quality of life.

Bone Marrow Transplant Patient Information: Chapter 2 - Bone Marrow Transplants

24 related questions found

What bone marrow means?

(bone MAYR-oh) The soft, spongy tissue that has many blood vessels and is found in the center of most bones. There are two types of bone marrow: red and yellow. Red bone marrow contains blood stem cells that can become red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets.

When is EPO released?

Erythropoietin is produced and released into the blood by the kidneys in response to low blood oxygen levels (hypoxemia). The amount of erythropoietin released depends on how low the oxygen level is and the ability of the kidneys to produce erythropoietin.

What is the term for bone marrow depression?

Myelosuppression — also referred to as bone marrow suppression — is a decrease in bone marrow activity resulting in reduced production of blood cells. This condition is a common side effect of chemotherapy.

What is medical term myelosuppression?

Listen to pronunciation. (MY-eh-loh-suh-PREH-shun) A condition in which bone marrow activity is decreased, resulting in fewer red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

What is bone marrow compression?

Bone marrow suppression also known as myelotoxicity or myelosuppression, is the decrease in production of cells responsible for providing immunity (leukocytes), carrying oxygen (erythrocytes), and/or those responsible for normal blood clotting (thrombocytes).

What bones have bone marrow?

In adults, active marrow is found inside the spine, hip and shoulder bones, ribs, breastbone, and skull. However, bone marrow found in the spine and hip has the richest source of bone marrow cells.

What is stem cell?

Stem cells are the body's raw materials — cells from which all other cells with specialized functions are generated. Under the right conditions in the body or a laboratory, stem cells divide to form more cells called daughter cells. ... No other cell in the body has the natural ability to generate new cell types.

Which term means a group of bone marrow disorders characterized by the insufficient?

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of diseases characterised by abnormal bone marrow cell production. Frequently with MDS, not enough normal blood cells are being made. This leads to symptoms of anaemia, infection and excessive bleeding and bruising.

What causes aplasia?

Viral infections that affect bone marrow can play a role in the development of aplastic anemia. Viruses that have been linked to aplastic anemia include hepatitis, Epstein-Barr, cytomegalovirus, parvovirus B19 and HIV. Pregnancy. Your immune system might attack your bone marrow during pregnancy.

What means hemolytic?

Hemolytic: Referring to hemolysis, the destruction of red blood cells which leads to the release of hemoglobin from within the red blood cells into the blood plasma. Hemolytic anemia, for example, is anemia ("low blood") due to the destruction (rather than the underproduction) of red blood cells.

What is RBC aplasia?

General Discussion. Acquired Pure Red Cell Aplasia is a rare bone marrow disorder characterized by an isolated decline of red blood cells (erythrocytes) produced by the bone marrow. Affected individuals may experience fatigue, lethargy, and/or abnormal paleness of the skin (pallor).

What is Granulocytopenia?

Also known as granulocytopenia, agranulocytosis is a severe form of neutropenia. Neutropenia is lower-than-normal levels of white blood cells. People with a low white blood cell count are very vulnerable to infection. They may get sick from germs that wouldn't be harmful otherwise.

What is Mucosis?

Mucositis is when your mouth or gut is sore and inflamed. It's a common side effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy for cancer. Although mucositis is usually painful, it can be treated. It should get better within a few weeks of finishing cancer treatment.

Where do neuroblastomas occur?

Neuroblastomas are cancers that start in early nerve cells (called neuroblasts) of the sympathetic nervous system, so they can be found anywhere along this system. Most neuroblastomas begin in the abdomen, either in an adrenal gland or in sympathetic nerve ganglia.

What is a bone depression?

Depressions: Low areas, indentations on bone. Fossa – A deep pit or depression. Examples: Fossa of the Hip, Olecranon fossa of humerus.

What does Lymphocytopenia mean?

Listen to pronunciation. (LIM-foh-PEE-nee-uh) A condition in which there is a lower-than-normal number of lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) in the blood. Also called lymphocytic leukopenia and lymphocytopenia.

What are low platelets?

When you don't have enough platelets in your blood, your body can't form clots. A low platelet count may also be called thrombocytopenia. This condition can range from mild to severe, depending on its underlying cause. For some, the symptoms can include severe bleeding and are possibly fatal if they're not treated.

Is erythropoietin a cytokine?

Erythropoietin is a cytoprotective cytokine induced by the hypoxia inducible factor family. EPO is the hematopoietic factor responsible for the production of red blood cells and for this function is produced mainly by the adult kidney.

What is EPO act?

Erythropoietin (Epo) is a glycoprotein hormone produced in the kidney that acts on erythroid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. A negative feedback system, in which tissue oxygenation controls Epo production and Epo controls red blood cell (RBC) production, provides homeostasis in oxygen delivery to body tissues.

What is serum EPO?

An EPO Test is a blood disorder serum test used to determine erythropoietin level, an important hormone produced by the kidneys that is critical for the formation of red blood cells by the bone marrow.